Antiviral drugs may be useful in early stages
of some virus infections or to prevent recurrences or reactivation in chronic
infections. Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for
treating viral infections. Like antibiotics for bacteria, specific antivirals
are used for specific viruses. Antiviral drugs are one class of antimicrobials,
a larger group which also includes antibiotic, antifungal and antiparasitic
drugs. They are relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to
treat infections. They should be distinguished from viricides, which actively
deactivate virus particles outside the body. Most drugs exert their effects
only during certain stages of viral replication and many are relatively toxic
for the host when used systemically. In general, chemotherapy of virus infections
in animals is uncommon with limited applications, mainly in topical treatment
of ophthalmic infections.
Most of the antivirals now available are designed to help deal
with HIV, herpes viruses (best known for causing cold sores and genital herpes,
but actually causing a wide range of diseases), the hepatitis B and C viruses,
which can cause liver cancer, and influenza A and B viruses. Researchers are
now working to extend the range of antivirals to other families of pathogens.
Nevirapine (Viramune®) is used for treating HIV infection. It must be used along with other HIV medicines. Viramune is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It works by blocking the growth of HIV
ZIDOVUDINE (Retrovir ®) is used for treating HIV infection when used along with other medicines. It is also used with other medicines to help prevent women from passing the HIV virus to the fetus during pregnancy. Retrovir is an antiviral. It works by blocking the reproduction of the HIV virus
STAVUDINE, d4T (Zerit®) is an antiviral drug called a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or NRTI. Stavudine is used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Stavudine may reduce the amount of HIV in the blood and increase the number of CD4 cells (T-cells) in the blood. Stavudine is used in combination with other drugs to treat the HIV virus. Stavudine will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS. You may still develop other infections or conditions associated with HIV
ACYCLOVIR (Zovirax®) treats certain types of viral infections, specifically herpes infections. Acyclovir will not cure herpes infections; it will help the sores heal faster and help to relieve the pain or discomfort
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